Initiating Critical Inquiry for Reflective Practice ~ MTL510


 

Finding Articles in Our Subscription Databases

How can I find the Journals cited by the databases above that are not full-text?


Finding and Using Psychology Resources on the Internet

Using the Internet for Research

Citing Information

Below is an example, using APA format, of an Electronic copy of a journal article, with three to five authors, retrieved from database.

 Borman, W. C., Hanson, M. A., Oppler, S. H., Pulakos, E. D., & White,
   L. A. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor
   performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 443-449. Retrieved
   October 23, 2000, from PsycARTICLES database.



APA: In-text Parenthetical Citations
The American Psychological Association (APA) guidelines require that you use parenthetical citations to document quotations, 
paraphrases, summaries, and other material from a source used in your paper. These in-text citations correspond to the full bibliographic
entries found in a list of references included at the end of your paper.  Unless otherwise noted, electronic sources follow the same pattern as printed ones.

Single author named in a signal phrase.
(Use the author's name in a signal phrase to introduce the quoted material, and place the date of the work in parentheses, immediately after the author's name. For a quotation, the page number, preceded by p., appears in parentheses after the quotation).

Social historian Richard Sennett (1980) names the tendency to come to terms with difficult experiences a "purification process" whereby "threatening or painful dissonances are warded off to preserve intact a clear and articulated image of oneself and one's place in the world" (p. 11).

Single author named in parentheses.
(When you do not mention the author in a signal phrase, give the name and the date, separated by a comma, in parentheses at the end of the cited material).

The tendency to come to terms with difficult experiences is referred to as a "purification process" whereby "threatening or painful dissonances are warded off to preserve intact a clear and articulated image of oneself and one's place in the world" (Sennett, 1980, p.11).

Two authors.
Goody and Watt (1963) have gone so far as to declare that "the most significant elements of human culture are undoubtedly channeled through words, and reside in the particular range of meanings and attitudes which members of any society attach to the verbal symbols" (p. 323).

Three to five authors.
(List all the authors names for the first reference).

Kintgen, Kroll, and Rose (1988) maintain that "just as a single definition of literacy is insufficient, so is scrutiny from within the confines of a single academic discipline" (p. xv).

(In subsequent references, use just the first author's name plus et al.).

In assessing the educational quality of our schools, it is important to remember that, as Kintgen et al. (1988) explain: "the contemporary asymmetry between reading and writing can be related to use in a particular socioeconomic context" (p. xvii).

Six or more authors.
As Williams et al. (1999) demonstrated, the internet holds the potential to open consumer markets in new and unexpected ways.

Corporate author (organization, association, etc.)
(If the name of the organization or association is long, spell it out the first time, followed by an abbreviation in brackets. In later citations, use the abbreviation only.

FIRST CITATION (Food and Drug Administration [FDA], 1996)

LATER CITATION (FDA, 1996)




Other Helpful Citing Information Sources

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