PERSONAL INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL RESOURCE USE ASSESSMENT # 3

OBJECTIVES: 
1.  Calculate/estimate the resources that you or your household uses on a daily or yearly basis.
2.  Appreciate  the fairly large amounts of resources needed to support your life-style.
3.  Recognize methods for decreasing your use of resources.

INTRODUCTION:

       In this exercise, you will be introduced to various industrial chemical resources which are used to support the lifestyles that we are accustomed in the United States.  As a resource, the data is taken from C & E News, June 26, 1995.  You will calculate the amount of industrial chemical resources that you use, based upon the amounts calculated on a per capita basis.  The per capita amounts are used indirectly by you because of the manufacturing, industrial, and agricultural activity needed to support society in general.  For the per capita calculations, assume that the population of the United States is 250 million.  Take whatever figure is given for the entire U. S. and divide by 250 million to get the per capita amount.

Table 1.  Top Five Inorganic Chemicals Produced in the U.S. 1994

Inorganic Chemical	Consumption 	Per Capita Use
	in thousands of tons

Sulfuric Acid	44,599

Ammonia	18,965


Sodium Hydroxide	12,914


Phosphoric Acid	12,632


Chlorine Gas	12,100


QUES. 1:   Find the per capita use in pounds of each of the above five chemicals.

     Example:  Sulfuric acid is listed at 44,599 thousands of tons.  To get a ÒnormalÓ number just  multiply by 1000 or add three zeroÕs to the end of the number.  This gives 44,599,000 or 44.599 million tons.  Divide this number by 250 million to get the per capita tons of sulfuric acid (0.178 tons).  To change to pounds, use 1 ton = 2000 pounds.  Therefore 0.178 tons times 2000 lbs per ton equals 356.8 lbs.
QUES. 2:  For each of the industrial chemicals listed below, find the per capita use in pounds for 1994.  Watch for the change in units to millions of lbs in some of them.

Table 2.  Industrial Chemicals Produced in the U.S. 1994

Inorganic Chemical	Consumption 	Per Capita Use
	in thousands of tons

Phosphate Rock	45,321



Potash	6,437



Total synthetic rubber	2,099



Total Fertilizer Consumption	22,432

		Millions of pounds

Total Pesticides	1,152



Polyethylene	23,777 



Polystyrene	5,848



Polyvinyl chloride	10,992



Grand total synthetic fibers	9,950



Chlorofluorocarbons - CFC-22	306
QUES. 4:  Each person will be assigned two of the following compounds.  Use the text book or a Science encyclopedia to find as much as possible of the following information.  Synthesis reactions (words or equations), other products made with the compound or uses of the compound, any other interesting details.  Write a short report to summarize your findings.  Be prepared to share your findings with other classmates on an informal basis. 

Sulfuric Acid
Ammonia
Ammonium Nitrate
Chlorine gas
Hydrochloric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Sodium Hydroxide
Super Phosphate (fertilizer)
Polyester
Polyethylene
Polystyrene
Polyvinyl chloride
Styrene-butadiene rubber
Polyamide (Nylon)
Herbicides (synthesis not necessary, but give examples with several structures)
Insecticides (synthesis not necessary, but give examples with several structures)


QUES. 5:  Use the following table to find the per capita consumption of the following metals in pounds.

 Table 3.  Metals Produced in the U.S. 1990

Metal	Consumption - 1990	Percent  	Per Capita
	in thousands of tons	from Recycling

Lead	1,297	73


Copper	2,168	60


Iron & Steel	99,900	56


Aluminum	5,263	45


Metal Production Inventory - Interesting Facts and Figures

Iron- Steel    800 lbs/person/year  - 1994

Inputs	lbs	Waste in lbs

Taconite ore	3250
Iron ore Pellets	1188	2062

Blast Furnace
Limestone	158	SO2:                2.4
Scrap Iron	  40	particulates:  7.7
Coal (coke)	475	CO:                  1.0

produces pig iron	792

Basic Oxygen Converter
Scrap Iron	396
Metal Alloys	  73

produces
ingot steel	1109

finished steel	  800

Copper:      15 lbs/person/year  - 1994

Inputs	lbs	Waste in lbs

Mining		Overburden rock:  5412
Copper ore	2266

Mill
Copper conc.	    45	Tailings:     2176	
Water	 612 gal

Smelter
Coal 	  14	Slag:  27
		SO2:  40
Electrolytic Refinery
Electricity	  30 Kw-hrs
Pure copper	  15

Aluminum	42 lbs/person/year  - 1994
Bauxite ore	183	140             Electricity:    1261 Kw-hr